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Kim
Spinal Instrumentation

Author Affiliation


Daniel H. Kim , MD, F.A.C.S. 
Professor and Director; Spinal Neurosurgery and Reconstructive Peripheral Nerve Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA (Editor)

Alexander R. Vaccaro , MD 
Professor of Orthopaedics and Neurosurgery, The Rothman Institute at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Editor)

Richard Glenn Fessler , MD, PhD 
Professor, Dept of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicaco, IL, USA, (Editor)

Michael H Wright , MD 
Oklahoma Sport Science and Orthopedics, Oklahoma City, OK, USA (Contributor)

William R Taylor , MD 
Associate Clinical Professor, Division of Neurosurgery, University of California - San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA (Contributor)

Bikash Bose , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery, Neurosurgeon Consultants, Newark, DE, USA (Contributor)

Keith H Bridwell , MD 
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA (Contributor)

Steven D Glassman , MD 
Spine Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA (Contributor)

Douglas A Linville , II, MD 
Orthopedic Spine Surgeon, Spine Specialty Center, Memphis, TN, USA (Contributor)

Bruce E Fredrickson , MD 
Professor of Orthopedic and Neurologic Surgery, Upstate Medical University Hospital, Syracuse, NY, USA (Contributor)

John S. Thalgott , MD 
International Spinal Development and Research Foundation, Las Vegas, NV, USA (Contributor)

Ho Yeol Zhang , MD, PhD 
Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA (Contributor)

Leon J. Abram , MD 
Assistant Clinical Professor, Department of Biomedical Science, Florida Atlantic University, Charles Schmidt College of Sciences, Spine Research International, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, USA (Contributor)

Ronald I Apfelbaum , MD 
Spine Fellowship Director, Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah Medical Hospital; Salt Lake City, Utah, USA (Contributor)

Dragos Doru Barbier , MD 
Neurochirurgische Klinik, Universitaetsklinik des Saarlandes, Homburg, Germany (Contributor)

Behrooz A. Akbarnia , MD 
University of California, San Diego, CA; San Diego Center for Spinal Disorders La Jolla, CA (Contributor)

Vincent Arlet , MD 
Associate Professor, Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA (Contributor)

Manali Barua , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA (Contributor)

Bryan Becker 
Clinical Outcomes Analyst, Zimmer Spine, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Contributor)

Joseph T. Alexander , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA (Contributor)

Marc A. Asher , MD

MD 

Distinguished Professor, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS (Contributor)

Drew Bednar , MD 
Associate Clinical Professor, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (Contributor)

Mohamed Allaoui , MD 
CHRU de Lille, Hopital Salengro, Clinique de Neurochirurgie, Lille, France (Contributor)

Richard Assaker , MD 
CHRU de Lille, Clinique de Neurochirurgie, Lille Cedex, France (Contributor)

Glenn M. Amundson , MD 
 (Contributor)

Howard S. An , MD 
The Morton International Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush-Presbyterian/St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA (Contributor)

Ramin Bagheri , MD 
Clinical Instructor, Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California - San Diego, San Diego Center for Spinal Disorders, La Jolla, CA, USA (Contributor)

Rudolph Beisse , MD 
Vice Chairman and Head Trauma Surgeon, Dept. for Surgery and Trauma Surgery, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Murnau, Murnau, Germany (Contributor)

Edward C. Benzel , MD 
Chairman, Spine Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA (Contributor)

Rudolf Bertagnoli , MD 
Chief of Spine Sevice, Spine Center, Klinikum St. Elisabeth, Spine Center Straubing, Straubing, Germany (Contributor)

Randal Betz , MD 
Shriners Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Contributor)

David Brown 
Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Contributor)

William J. Beutler , MD 
Director of Spine Research and Resident Training, Pennsylvania Spine Institute, Harrisburg, PA, USA (Contributor)

Harlan Bruner , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA (Contributor)

J. Kenneth Burkus , MD 
Staff Physician, Wilderness Spine Services, The Hughston Clinic, P.C., Columbus, GA, USA (Contributor)

Charles Branch , Jr., MD 
Chairman, Department of Neurosurgery, Wake Forest Univiversy Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA (Contributor)

John W. Brantigan , MD 
South Texas Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery Associates, San Antonio, TX, USA (Contributor)

Douglas C. Burton , MD 
Assistant Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Orthipedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA (Contributor)

Marco Brayda-Bruno , MD 
Chief of Spine Surgery, Instituto Ortopedico Galeazzi S.p.A., Milan, Italy (Contributor)

Sabatino Bianco , MD 
Chief Resident, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA (Contributor)

Barry D. Birch , MD 
Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA (Contributor)

Maxwell Boakye , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA (Contributor)

J. Abbott Byrd , III, MD 
Staff Surgeon, Assistant Professor, Division of Orthipaedic Surgery, Atlantic Orthopaedic Specialists, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Virginia Beach, VA, USA (Contributor)

Darrell S. Brodke , MD 
Department of Orethopedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA (Contributor)

Mitchell J. Campbell , MD 
Spine Institute, Louisville, KY, USA (Contributor)

Jens R. Chapman , MD 
Professor, Department of Orthopaedics, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA (Contributor)

Nathaniel Brooks , MD 
Neurosurgical Resident, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinic, Madison, WI (Contributor)

Ciaran Bolger , MD 
Consultant Neurosurgeon, Beaumont Private Clinic, Beumont Hospital, Beaumont, Dublin, Ireland (Contributor)

Daniel Chopin , MD 
Centre d'Etude et de Traitement des Affections du Rachis, Institut Calot, Berck sur Mer, France (Contributor)

Enzo Denaro , MD 
Director, Orthopaedic Department, Universita "Campus Bio-Medico," Rome, Italy (Contributor)

Randall F. Dryer , MD 
Central Texas Spine Institute, Austin, TX, USA (Contributor)

David H. Clements , MD 
Director, Spine Surgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA (Contributor)

Harel Deutsch , MD 
Dept. of Neurosurgery, Rush Medical College, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA (Contributor)

Matthew D. Eichenbaum , MD 
Spine Research Fellow, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Rothman Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (Contributor)

Dan Couture , MD 
Resident, Department of Neurosurgery, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA (Contributor)

Alberto Di Martino 
Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy (Contributor)

Thomas J. Errico , MD 
Chief of the Spine Service, New York University Hospital for Joint Disease, New York, NY, USA (Contributor)

Jeffrey C. Dick , MD 
Edina, MN (Contributor)

Alvin H. Crawford , MD 
Director, Division of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA (Contributor)

Bruce V. Darden , II, MD 
Charlotte Spine Center, Charlotte, NC, USA (Contributor)

Curtis A. Dickman , MD 
Director of Spinal Research, Associate Chief, Spine Section, Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Neurosurgical Associates, Ltd., St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA (Contributor)

Daniel R. Fassett , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA (Contributor)

Amir H. Fayyazi , MD 
Spine Fellow, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA (Contributor)

John R. Dimar , MD 
Spine Institute, Louisville, KY, USA (Contributor)

Reginald J. Davis , MD 
Neurosurgeon, Baltimore Neurosurgical Associates, Towson, MD, USA (Contributor)

Thomas Day 
Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Contributor)

John S. Drake , MS 
International Spinal Development & Research Foundation, Las Vegas, NV, USA (Contributor)

Michael G. Fehlings , MD, PhD, FRCSC 
Professor and Krembil Chair in Neural Repair and Regeneration, McLaughlin Scholar in Molecular Medicine, Head of the University Health Network Neuroscience and Spine Programs, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (Contributor)

Javier Garcia-Bengochea , MD 
Jacksonville, FL (Contributor)

Preneshlin V. Govender , MBChB, FCS 
Spinal Program, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Contributor)

Jonathan N. Grauer , MD 
Orthopaedic Spine Servce, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (Contributor)

Fred H. Geisler , MD, PhD 
Illinois Neuro Spine Center, Rush-Copley Medical Center, Aurora, IL, USA (Contributor)

Anthony Fichten , MD 
CHRU de Lille, Hopital Salengro, Clinique de Neurochirurgie, Lille, France (Contributor)

John G. Finkenberg , MD 
Chief of Orthpedic Surgery, Director, Alvardo Spine Center, Alvardo Orthopaedic Medical Group, San Diego, CA, USA (Contributor)

Peter C. Gerszten , MD, M.P.H. 
Assistant Professor of Neurological Surgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA (Contributor)

Tooraj Gravori , MD 
Senior Resident, Deptartment of Neurosurgery, University of California at Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (Contributor)

Steven L. Griffith , PhD 
Spine-Tech, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA (Contributor)

James M Giuffre , MD 
Director of Research, International Spinal Development & Research Foundation, Las Vegas, NV, USA (Contributor)

Marc Fisicaro 
Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Contributor)

Mary Lesutis Fitzhenry , RN 
Department of Neurosurgery, The Hospital of the University if Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Contributor)

Andrew Fox , MD 
Resident, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California - Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA (Contributor)

Paul A. Glazer , MD 
Assistant Professor and Director of Spinal Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Harvard University, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA (Contributor)

Peter Griss , MD 
Director, Department of Orthopedics and Rheumatology, Universitaetsklinik Marburg, Marburg, Germany (Contributor)

Mukund I. Gundanna , MD 
Clinical Instructor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA (Contributor)

Ziya L. Gokaslan , MD, FACS 
Professor of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA (Contributor)

Regis W. Haid Jr. , MD 
Atlanta Brain & Spine Care, Atlanta, GA, USA (Contributor)

Juergen Harms , MD 
Professor and Chairman, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Center for Spinal Surgery, Klinikum Karlsbad-Langensteinbach, Karlsbad, Germany (Contributor)

R. John Hurlbert , MD, PhD 
Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Foothills Hospital and Medial Centre, Calgary, Alberta, CANADA (Contributor)

Philippe Jenny , MD 
Director, Global Product Marketing, Interbody Devices, Stryker Spine, SA, Bordeaux, France (Contributor)

J. Patrick Johnson , MD 
Director, Cedars-Sinai Institute for Spinal Disorders, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA (Contributor)

Daniel S. Husted , MD 
Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA (Contributor)

Roger Hartl , MD 
Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA (Contributor)

Jason S. Hauptman 
University of Medicine and Dentistry New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA (Contributor)

Robert F. Heary , MD 
Neurological Surgery, University of Medicine and Dentistry New Jersy, Center for Neurological Surgery, Newark, NJ, USA (Contributor)

Roger Paul Jackson , MD 
Spine and Scoliosis Surgery, Inc., North Kansas City, MO, USA (Contributor)

John R. Johnson , MD 
Spine Institute, Louisville, KY, USA (Contributor)

Stephen P. Heim , MD, FACS 
Orthopaedic Associates of Dupage, Warrenville, IL, USA (Contributor)

Brian Jankowitz , MD 
Resident, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburg, Pittsburg. PA, USA (Contributor)

Iain H Kalfas , MD 
Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Neurosurgery, Cleveland, OH, USA (Contributor)

Jay E. Jolley , MD 
Department of Orthopedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA (Contributor)

Prakasam Kalluri , MD 
Resident, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA (Contributor)

Michael E Janssen , DO 
Spine Surgeon, Spine Education & Research Institute, Center for Spinal Disorders, Denver, CO, USA (Contributor)

Fraser C. Henderson , MD 
Associate Professor, Department of Neurosurgery, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA (Contributor)

Alan S Hilibrand , MD 
Assistant Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rothman Institute and Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Contributor)

Leonel A. Hunt , MD 
Spine Fellow, San Diego Center for Spinal Disorders, La Jolla, CA, USA (Contributor)

Arthur L. Jenkins III , MD 
Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery, Dept. of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA (Contributor)

Mara Katsos 
Jefferson Medical College / The Rothman Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Contributor)

Kiyoshi Kaneda , MD, PhD 
Director General (Emeritus), Bibai Rosai Hospital, The Center for Spinal Disorders and Injuries, Biabi-City, Hokkaido, Japan (Contributor)

Larry T. Khoo , MD 
Assistant Professor, Division of Neurological Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, UCLA Comprehensive Spine Center, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Co-Director, UCLA Comprehensive Spine Center
UCLA Medical Center
Los Angeles, California
 (Contributor)


Ajit A Krishnaney , MD 
Chief Resident, Dept. of Neursurgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA (Contributor)

Lawrence G Lenke , MD 
The Jerome J. Gilden Professor of Orthopaedic SurgeryWashington University Medical Center, Barnes Jewish Hospital, Saint Louis, MO (Contributor)

Charles Kuntz IV , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery, Mayfield Clinic & Spine Institute, Cincinnati, OH, USA (Contributor)

Carl Lauryssen , MD 
Cedars Sinai Institute for Spinal Disorders, Los Angeles, CA, USA (Contributor)

James K. Liu , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, UT, USA (Contributor)

Hoang N. Le , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA (Contributor)

Paul Kim , MD 
Resident, Dept. of Neurosurgery, Wake Forest Univ. Medical Center, Winston-Salem, NC (Contributor)

Gary L. Lowery , MD, PhD 
Medpro Orthopaedics, Research Institute International, Phoenix, AZ, USA (Contributor)

Kee D Kim , MD 
Assistant Professor and Chief, Spinal Neurosurgery, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA (Contributor)

Jean-Charles Le Huec , MD, PhD 
Professor and Chief of Spine and Upper Limb Unit, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France (Contributor)

P. Colby Maher , MD 
Spine Fellow, Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Cincinnati, The Mayfield Clinic and Spine Institute, The Neuroscience Institute, Cincinnati, OH, USA (Contributor)

Ajay Mantha , MS 
Postdoctoral Fellow, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA (Contributor)

Nathan H. Lebwohl , MD 
Department of Orthopaedics, University of Miami Spine Institute, Miami, FL, USA (Contributor)

Paul Klimo Jr. , MD, M.P.H. 
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA (Contributor)

Francis Kralick , DO 
Assistant Professor, Neurosurgery - Simeone Program, Drexel University Health Sciences, Medical College Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Contributor)

Federico G. Legnani , MD 
Research Fellow, Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA (Contributor)

Paul J. Marcotte , MD 
Associate Professor; Department of Neurosurgery; The Hospital of The University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, PA, USA (Contributor)

Hallett H Mathews , MD 
Associate Clinical Professor, Mid Atlantic Spine Specialists, Richmond, VA, U.S.A.
Mid Atlantic Spine Specialists; Richmond, VA
 (Contributor)


Robert P. Melcher , MD 
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Center for Spinal Surgery, Klinikum Karlsbad-Langensteinbach, Karlsbad, Germany (Contributor)

Alex Mohit , MD, PhD 
Department of Neurlogical Surgery, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA (Contributor)

Paul C. McCormick , MD 
The Neurological Institute, Department of Neurological Surgery, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 710 West 168th Street, Floor 4, New York, NY 10032 (Contributor)

Arnold H. Menezes , MD 
Professor and Vice Chairman, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA (Contributor)

Chad J. Morgan , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati College of Medicine (Contributor)

Linda McEvoy 
Research Coordinator, Neurosurgical Research and Development Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (Contributor)

Gary Karlin Michelson , MD 
Los Angeles, CA, USA (Contributor)

Praveen V. Mummaneni , MD 
Emory University, Department of Neurosurgery, Atlanta, GA, USA (Contributor)

Robert A. McGuire , MD 
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA (Contributor)

Mark R. Mikles , MD 
Spine Fellow, New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY, USA (Contributor)

Daniel B. Murrey , MD 
Charlotte Spine Center, Charlotte, NC, USA (Contributor)

Anne C. McManus , RN 
Midwest Spine Foundation, North Kansas City, MO, USA (Contributor)

Jared H. Miller 
Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA (Contributor)

Arvo Neidre , MD 
South Texas Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery Associates, San Antonio, TX, USA (Contributor)

Joshua Medow , MD 
Neurosurgical Resident, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA (Contributor)

Scot D. Miller , DO, FACS 
The Crystal Clinic, Akron, OH, USA (Contributor)

Nikola Nenadovich , MD 
Spine Fellow, Orthopedic Surgery, Upstate Medical University Hospital, Syracuse, NY, USA (Contributor)

Hamid Miraliakbar , MD 
Cedars Sinai Institute for Spinal Disorders, Los Angeles, CA, USA (Contributor)

Amir A. Mehbod , MD 
Twin Cities Spine Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA (Contributor)

Sanjay Misra , MD 
Associate Professor of Neurosurgery, Denver Health and Hospital System, Denver, CO, USA (Contributor)

Peter O. Newton , MD 
Chairman, Orthopedic Surgery Department, Rady Children's Hospital and Health Center; Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California - San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA (Contributor)

Eric W. Nottmeier , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA (Contributor)

Pierce D. Nunley , MD 
Clinical Instructor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA (Contributor)

Michael F. O'Brien , MD 
Orthopaedics Department, Miami Childrens' Hospital, Miami, FL, USA (Contributor)

Adebukola Onibokun , MD 
Senior Resident, Division of Neurological Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California - Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA (Contributor)

Tushar S. Patel , MD 
Commonwealth Orthopaedics, Herndon, VA, USA (Contributor)

Burak M. Ozgur , MD 
Resident, Division of Neurosurgery, University of California - San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA (Contributor)

Walter C. Peppelman , Jr., DO 
Director of Clinical Development, Pennsylvania Spine Institute, Harrisburg, PA, USA (Contributor)

Mike A. Pahl , MD 
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University and the Rothman Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Contributor)

Jeff Pan , MD 
The Emory Clinic, Atlanta, GA, USA (Contributor)

George III D. Picetti , MD 
Chief, Kaiser Sacramento Spine Center; Associate Clinical Professor, Deptartment of Orthopaedics, University of California - San Francisco, Granite Bay, CA, USA (Contributor)

Thomas J. Perlewitz , MD 
Clinical Fellow, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA (Contributor)

John E. O'Toole , MD 
Department of Neurological Surgery, Neurological Institute of New York, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA (Contributor)

Chima Ohaegbulam , MB 
Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA (Contributor)

Steven L Ondra , MD 
Dept. of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern Univ. Medical School, Chicago, IL (Contributor)

Stephen M. Papadopoulos , MD 
Barrow Neurosurgical Institute, Department Of Neurosurgery, Phoenix, AZ, USA (Contributor)

Jon Park , MD, FRCSC 
Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA (Contributor)

Naresh T. Patel , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA (Contributor)

Luiz M. Pimenta , MD, PhD 
Neuro-spine Surgeon, Spine Surgery, Santa Rita Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil (Contributor)

Tobias Pitzen , MD 
Neurochirurgische Universitaetsklinik, Homburg, Germany (Contributor)

Ravi K. Ponnappan 
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush Presbyterian / St. Luke's Medical Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA (Contributor)

J. Scott Price , MD 
Spine Surgery Fellow, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA (Contributor)

Rolando M. Puno , MD 
Spine Institute, Louisville, KY, USA (Contributor)

K. Daniel Riew , MD 
Associate Professor and Chief, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Barnes-Jewish Hospital & Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA (Contributor)

Gerald E. Rodts , MD 
Emory Clinic; Department of Neurosurgery; Atlanta, Georgia, USA (Contributor)

Stephen I. Ryu , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery; Stanford University Medical Center;Stanford, CA, USA (Contributor)

Uzma Samadani , MD, PhD 
U Penn, Dept Neurosurgery (Contributor)

Thomas J. Puschak , MD 
Indiana Spine Group, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA (Contributor)

Charles Dean Ray , MD 
Private Practice, Consultant, Snowmass Village, CO, USA (Contributor)

Abraham Rogozinski , MD 
Rogozinski Orthopedic Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA (Contributor)

Chaim Rogozinski , MD 
Rogozinski Orthopedic Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA (Contributor)

Faheem A. Sandhu , MD, PhD 
Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA (Contributor)

Rick C. Sasso , MD 
Indiana Spine Group, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA (Contributor)

Arjun Saxena 
Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA (Contributor)

David S. Rosen , MD 
Resident, Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medical Center and Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA (Contributor)

Rudolf Reindl , MD, FRCSC 
Assistant Professor, McGill University Health Center, Montreal General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Contributor)

Nicolas Reyns , MD 
CHRU de Lille, Hopital Salengro, Clinique de Neurochirurgie, Lille, France (Contributor)

Diane K. Rhodes 
Research Coordinator, Spine Education & Research Institute, Center for Spinal Disorders, Denver, CO, USA (Contributor)

Pierre Roussouly , MD 
Head, Department of Surgery, Centre Medico Chirurgical des Massues, Lyon, France (Contributor)

Michael Ruf , MD 
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Center for Spinal Surgery, Klinikum Karlsbad-Langensteinbach, Karlsbad, Germany (Contributor)

Meic H. Schmidt , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA (Contributor)

Christopher I. Shaffrey , MD 
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA, U.S.A. (Contributor)

 
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